In Brief: While this is Sailor Mars' second Sailor Soldier attack, Raye had been using a version of this attack in her civillian form before she was awakened and met Sailor Moon and Mercury. The attack basically involves Raye throwing an ofuda (anti-evil scroll) at a target and yelling, "Evil Spirits Disperse!". The desired effect would almost always be to freeze the evildoer.
Once Raye awoke as Sailor Mars she continued to use the ofuda, but would power up the scroll with her Mars power before throwing it.

Cultural: The chanting Sailor Mars does in the Japanese version, "Rin, pyou, tou, sha, kai, jin, retsu, sai, zen. Akuryou taisan!" is called Kuji-in and is a form of Shinto meditation that is practices by Shinto, Shugendo, Zen and the Ninja. It is also known as "The Nine Finger Cuts".
Here are the individual meanings for the Shinto Kuji-in taken from Wikipedia. Check it out for more info.
* Rin:Is to face.
* Pyou:(Also used as Hei) The soldier.
* Tou:To fight.
* Sha:The man (or the people); a foe
* Kai:The all, or the whole effect, or whole effort.
* Jin:In Formation, or position in camp or to prepare.
* Retsu:To move in column or a row, in a line; or marching, or to focus.
* Zai:To appear, or to exist to make yourself known, or create existence.
* Zen:To be in front. or show up in front.

The Attack: In the anime, Sailor Mars begins her attack by holding a single ofud in front of her face, charges it with her Mars power and then throws it at the enemy. Interesting to note that a white flame surrounds the ofuda when it's charged.